In Malawi, HIV prevalence varies by sex, age, urban-rural residence and geographic location; and is higher among females (12.9 % vs. 8.1 %) than males. In addition, people living with HIV suffer physical, psychological and sexual violence, In Lesotho, HIV infections are higher among women than men, with less than 50% of people living with HIV aware of their status, and only 29% on retroviral therapy. Gender based violence remains one of the big challenges that women face in both Malawi and Lesotho, with domestic and sexual violence being the most common forms of violence against women. These are associated with increased risk of HIV infection in women. Both countries have adopted and are implementing National Plans to End Gender Based Violence.